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- BOOKS, Page 85Getting to the False Bottom
-
-
- By R.Z. Sheppard
-
-
- CITIZEN WELLES
- by Frank Brady Scribner's;
- 655 pages; $24.95
-
- The late Orson Welles was, in the nostalgic phrase, a star
- of stage, screen and radio. He was also one of those grand,
- self-inflating talents whose failures received almost as much
- attention as his successes. His long, attenuated career covered
- the spectrum, from classics to commercials. Old-timers still
- remember his controversial rejiggerings of Shakespeare and his
- War of the Worlds radio drama, which had many listeners
- believing New Jersey had been invaded by Martians. And, of
- course, every generation has embraced Citizen Kane, his
- brilliant 1941 film based on the life and times of press lord
- William Randolph Hearst.
-
- But Welles was not made for that more contemporary medium,
- TV. His Falstaffian girth, so impressive on stage and screen,
- seemed grotesque when stuffed into the small tube. The voice
- that shivered the old Philco during the Depression sounded
- hokey when it was used to seduce would-be sophisticates of the
- '70s. "Paul Masson will sell no wine before its time" joined
- the fleeting body of marketing folklore and spun off into dozens
- of jokes. (In one, the Welles impersonator intones the line,
- glances at his watch and says impatiently, "It's time.")
-
- In taking his subject from precocious childhood through
- audacious beginnings as an actor-director and finally to the
- status of cult figure to be wheeled in on special occasions,
- biographer Frank Brady reveals Welles as a thin man in which
- there was always a fat man trying to get out. Even as a tall,
- trim youth, Welles had gargantuan intellectual and physical
- appetites. It was not enough that he had prematurely grasped
- the concept that art was essentially an illusion, a magic show.
- He insisted on making his tricks as obvious as possible.
-
- Welles was also a conspicuous womanizer and gourmand. He
- was, writes Brady, "a man who would think nothing of starting
- off a meal with a bottle of Moet et Chandon just for himself,
- followed by a Boudin Noir aux Pommes (blood sausage with
- apples), then a bottle of Beaujolais Nouveau to help wash down a
- Terrine de Canard and a huge porterhouse steak, and finally a
- Mousse a l'Armagnac, followed by four or five glasses of
- Calvados, and several cups of very black coffee."
-
- Brady encircles his outsize subject with equal parts of
- anecdote and scholarship. He does not attempt the intimate tone
- of Barbara Leaming's authorized 1983 biography or try for the
- high-skid finish of Charles Higham's Orson Welles: The Rise and
- Fall of an American Genius (1985). Citizen Welles covers more
- ground and digs deeper, revealing an artistic nomad whose life
- had too many ups, downs and lateral movements to be treated as a
- sales chart. The author is a great admirer, crediting Welles as
- an originator of the film noir genre and a technical pioneer
- whose influence can be detected in dozens of films. He even
- notes that the Mexican novelist Carlos Fuentes has acknowledged
- that the structure of his book The Death of Artemio Cruz was
- lifted from Citizen Kane. But Brady is prudent about using the
- word genius, an encomium more freely handed out at Academy
- Award gatherings than at Nobel Prize ceremonies.
-
- The biographer, who teaches film courses at St. John's
- University in New York City, also provides valuable evidence
- that blunts film critic Pauline Kael's assertion that Herman J.
- Mankiewicz, not Welles, was mainly responsible for the final
- script for Citizen Kane. Mank, as he was known, does get credit
- for the basic plot and the "Rosebud" sled gimmick, but most of
- the words belong to Welles, who, after all, had to speak them as
- the film's protagonist, Charles Foster Kane. Among the footnotes
- to this classic is Steven Spielberg's purchase at auction of one
- of three sleds used in the project. The young producer-director
- paid $55,000 for the icon, only to have Welles later declare it
- a fake.
-
- Fabrication, contrivance and artifice were subjects he knew
- something about. "I discovered at the age of six," Welles once
- told an interviewer, "that almost everything in this world was
- phony, worked with mirrors." His 1973 movie F for Fake is about
- the ambiguity of artistic charlatanism and, says Brady, stands
- as Welles' most personal film.
-
- Unlike previous biographies, Citizen Welles gets to the
- bottom -- or should one say, false bottom -- of the man. At one
- level the book projects an old-world Promethean hero thundering
- against authority and convention. But conveyed with equal
- weight is an impresario of the self in the American maverick
- tradition of Charles Ives, Ezra Pound and even Mark Twain's the
- King and the Duke.
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